MN 83 · Khotbah tentang Raja Maghadeva

Tokoh, tempat, dan gagasan utamanya

Di sebuah hutan mangga, Buddha menceritakan Raja Makhādeva yang mewariskan tradisi meninggalkan takhta ketika uban pertama muncul. Tradisi luhur itu bertahan lama, tetapi jalan Buddha membawa lebih jauh menuju akhir penderitaan. Inilah Makhādeva Sutta.

TOKOH

Raja Makhādeva

Raja masa lampau yang menjadikan uban pertama sebagai panggilan meninggalkan kehidupan istana.

TOKOH

Ānanda

Murid yang mendengar kisah tradisi kuno tersebut.

TEMPAT

Mithilā

Kota kerajaan Makhādeva dan hutan mangganya.

GAGASAN

Warisan yang melampaui tradisi

Tradisi baik dapat bertahan lintas generasi, tetapi Jalan Mulia berharga karena menuntun bukan hanya ke kelahiran baik, melainkan ke pembebasan.

Visual pengantar Tiga Keranjang · bukan bagian dari teks kanonik.

Sinopsis singkat

Buddha menceritakan kisah Raja Makhādeva, penguasa yang menjalani tradisi panjang kehidupan bajik. Ketika tukang cukurnya menemukan rambut putih pertama di kepala sang raja, Makhādeva melihatnya sebagai ‘utusan dewa’ yang mengingatkan bahwa usia tua telah datang. Ia menyerahkan kerajaan kepada putranya dan meninggalkan kehidupan rumah tangga untuk mengembangkan kediaman luhur. Tradisi itu diteruskan dari generasi ke generasi tetapi akhirnya terputus. Buddha mengungkapkan bahwa beliau sendiri adalah Makhādeva pada kehidupan lampau. Namun jalan baik pada masa itu hanya membawa ke alam Brahmā; kini beliau telah menemukan jalan yang jauh lebih lengkap—Jalan Mulia Berunsur Delapan yang membawa sampai berakhirnya penderitaan.

BAGIAN 21

mn83:21.1 Ānanda, you might think,

mn83:21.2 ‘Surely King Maghadeva, by whom that good practice was founded, must have been someone else at that time?’

mn83:21.3 But you should not see it like this.

mn83:21.4 I myself was King Maghadeva at that time.

mn83:21.5 I was the one who founded that good practice,

mn83:21.6 which was kept up by those who came after.

mn83:21.7 But that good practice doesn’t lead to disillusionment, dispassion, cessation, peace, insight, awakening, and extinguishment. It only leads as far as rebirth in the realm of divinity.

mn83:21.8 But now I have founded a good practice that does lead to disillusionment, dispassion, cessation, peace, insight, awakening, and extinguishment.

mn83:21.9 And what is that good practice?

mn83:21.10 It is simply this noble eightfold path, that is:

mn83:21.11 right view, right purpose, right speech, right action, right livelihood, right effort, right mindfulness, and right immersion.

mn83:21.12 This is the good practice I have now founded that leads to disillusionment, dispassion, cessation, peace, insight, awakening, and extinguishment.

mn83:21.13 Ānanda, I say to you:

mn83:21.14 ‘You all should keep up this good practice that I have founded. Do not be my final men.’

mn83:21.15 When a pair of men are living, the one who breaks such good practice is their final man.

mn83:21.16 Ānanda, I say to you:

mn83:21.17 ‘You all should keep up this good practice that I have founded. Do not be my final men.’”

mn83:21.18 That is what the Buddha said.

mn83:21.19 Satisfied, Venerable Ānanda approved what the Buddha said.