MN 77 · Khotbah yang Lebih Panjang kepada Sakuludāyī

Tokoh, tempat, dan gagasan utamanya

Sakuludāyī mengakui bahwa murid-murid Buddha menghormati gurunya bukan karena hal-hal lahiriah. Buddha menjelaskan lima alasan sejati: sila, pengetahuan, kebijaksanaan, Empat Kebenaran Mulia, dan jalan latihan menuju berbagai pengetahuan langsung. Inilah Mahāsakuludāyi Sutta.

TOKOH

Buddha

Guru yang menjelaskan dasar penghormatan para siswa.

TOKOH

Sakuludāyī

Pengembara yang membandingkan Buddha dengan guru-guru terkenal lain.

TEMPAT

Rājagaha

Taman Suaka Merak tempat para pengembara berkumpul.

GAGASAN

Mengapa seorang guru dihormati

Penghormatan yang kokoh lahir dari integritas, pengetahuan, kebijaksanaan, ajaran yang benar, dan jalan yang benar-benar dapat dipraktikkan.

Visual pengantar Tiga Keranjang · bukan bagian dari teks kanonik.

Sinopsis singkat

Pengembara Sakuludāyin sedang duduk bersama kelompok besar ketika Buddha datang. Percakapan beralih pada alasan murid-murid Buddha menghormati dan mengikuti beliau. Udāyin menduga penyebabnya adalah makanan sederhana, jubah sederhana, kepuasan dengan tempat tinggal, kehidupan menyendiri, atau kemampuan berbicara. Buddha menunjukkan bahwa ada murid yang menjalani praktik-praktik itu lebih keras daripada beliau, sehingga bukan itu alasan utama. Ia kemudian menyebut kualitas yang benar-benar menumbuhkan penghormatan: sila yang lebih tinggi, pengetahuan dan penglihatan, kebijaksanaan, penjelasan Empat Kebenaran Mulia, serta jalan latihan yang membawa murid menuju berbagai pencapaian sampai pembebasan.

mn77:35.1 Furthermore, I have explained to my disciples a practice that they use so that, with clairvoyance that is purified and superhuman, they see sentient beings passing away and being reborn—inferior and superior, beautiful and ugly, in a good place or a bad place. They understand how sentient beings pass on according to their deeds: ‘These dear beings did bad things by way of body, speech, and mind. They denounced the noble ones; they had wrong view; and they chose to act out of that wrong view. When their body broke up, after death, they were reborn in a place of loss, a bad place, the underworld, hell. These dear beings, however, did good things by way of body, speech, and mind. They never denounced the noble ones; they had right view; and they chose to act out of that right view. When their body broke up, after death, they were reborn in a good place, a heavenly realm.’ And so, with clairvoyance that is purified and superhuman, they see sentient beings passing away and being reborn—inferior and superior, beautiful and ugly, in a good place or a bad place. They understand how sentient beings pass on according to their deeds.

mn77:35.2 Suppose there were two houses with doors. A person with clear eyes standing in between them would see humans entering and leaving a house and wandering to and fro.

mn77:35.3 In the same way, I have explained to my disciples a practice that they use so that, with clairvoyance that is purified and superhuman, they see sentient beings passing away and being reborn …

mn77:35.4 And many of my disciples meditate on that having attained perfection and consummation of insight.