MN 77 · Khotbah yang Lebih Panjang kepada Sakuludāyī

Tokoh, tempat, dan gagasan utamanya

Sakuludāyī mengakui bahwa murid-murid Buddha menghormati gurunya bukan karena hal-hal lahiriah. Buddha menjelaskan lima alasan sejati: sila, pengetahuan, kebijaksanaan, Empat Kebenaran Mulia, dan jalan latihan menuju berbagai pengetahuan langsung. Inilah Mahāsakuludāyi Sutta.

TOKOH

Buddha

Guru yang menjelaskan dasar penghormatan para siswa.

TOKOH

Sakuludāyī

Pengembara yang membandingkan Buddha dengan guru-guru terkenal lain.

TEMPAT

Rājagaha

Taman Suaka Merak tempat para pengembara berkumpul.

GAGASAN

Mengapa seorang guru dihormati

Penghormatan yang kokoh lahir dari integritas, pengetahuan, kebijaksanaan, ajaran yang benar, dan jalan yang benar-benar dapat dipraktikkan.

Visual pengantar Tiga Keranjang · bukan bagian dari teks kanonik.

Sinopsis singkat

Pengembara Sakuludāyin sedang duduk bersama kelompok besar ketika Buddha datang. Percakapan beralih pada alasan murid-murid Buddha menghormati dan mengikuti beliau. Udāyin menduga penyebabnya adalah makanan sederhana, jubah sederhana, kepuasan dengan tempat tinggal, kehidupan menyendiri, atau kemampuan berbicara. Buddha menunjukkan bahwa ada murid yang menjalani praktik-praktik itu lebih keras daripada beliau, sehingga bukan itu alasan utama. Ia kemudian menyebut kualitas yang benar-benar menumbuhkan penghormatan: sila yang lebih tinggi, pengetahuan dan penglihatan, kebijaksanaan, penjelasan Empat Kebenaran Mulia, serta jalan latihan yang membawa murid menuju berbagai pencapaian sampai pembebasan.

mn77:34.1 Furthermore, I have explained to my disciples a practice that they use to recollect the many kinds of past lives. That is: one, two, three, four, five, ten, twenty, thirty, forty, fifty, a hundred, a thousand, a hundred thousand rebirths; many eons of the world contracting, many eons of the world expanding, many eons of the world contracting and expanding. ‘There, I was named this, my clan was that, I looked like this, and that was my food. This was how I felt pleasure and pain, and that was how my life ended. When I passed away from that place I was reborn somewhere else. There, too, I was named this, my clan was that, I looked like this, and that was my food. This was how I felt pleasure and pain, and that was how my life ended. When I passed away from that place I was reborn here.’ And so they recollect their many kinds of past lives, with features and details.

mn77:34.2 Suppose a person was to leave their home village and go to another village. From that village they’d go to yet another village. And from that village they’d return to their home village. They’d think: ‘I went from my home village to another village. There I stood like this, sat like that, spoke like this, or kept silent like that. From that village I went to yet another village. There too I stood like this, sat like that, spoke like this, or kept silent like that. And from that village I returned to my home village.’

mn77:34.3 In the same way, I have explained to my disciples a practice that they use to recollect the many kinds of past lives.

mn77:34.4 And many of my disciples meditate on that having attained perfection and consummation of insight.