MN 3 · Khotbah tentang Pewaris Dhamma

Tokoh, tempat, dan gagasan utamanya

Dhammadāyāda Sutta menekankan warisan sejati dari Buddha: bukan keuntungan materi, melainkan latihan Dhamma, kesederhanaan, dan pelepasan.

TOKOH

Buddha

Guru yang mengingatkan para bhikkhu agar menjadi pewaris Dhamma, bukan pewaris benda, makanan, pujian, atau keuntungan.

TOKOH

Sāriputta

Murīd utama yang bijaksana, menerangkan lebih lanjut bagaimana para siswa melatih keterasingan, kehati-hatian, dan meninggalkan kemunduran.

TEMPAT

Jetavana

Wihara di Sāvatthī yang menjadi latar ajaran ini, tempat para bhikkhu mendengarkan wejangan tentang warisan Dhamma.

Warisan Dhamma dibandingkan dengan warisan materi

KONSEP

Pewaris Dhamma, bukan materi

Inti sutta: menerima ajaran berarti menjalani jalan pelepasan dan kebijaksanaan, bukan mengejar kenyamanan, makanan, atau ketenaran.

Visual pengantar Tiga Keranjang · bukan bagian dari teks kanonik.

Sinopsis singkat

Buddha menasihati para bhikkhu agar menjadi pewaris Dhamma, bukan sekadar pewaris keuntungan materi yang datang karena kedudukan Sang Guru. Setelah Buddha mengundurkan diri, Sāriputta melanjutkan pembicaraan dan menjelaskan apa artinya mengikuti teladan itu dalam kehidupan seorang bhikkhu. Ia membandingkan murid yang tetap larut dalam kenyamanan dengan murid yang sungguh menjalani penyepian dan latihan, lalu menutup uraian dengan jalan latihan yang mengikis keserakahan, kebencian dan berbagai keadaan batin yang tidak bermanfaat.

BAGIAN 3

mn3:3.1 Suppose that I had eaten and refused more food, being replete, and having had as much as I needed.

mn3:3.2 And there was some extra almsfood that was going to be thrown away.

mn3:3.3 Then two mendicants were to come who were weak with hunger.

mn3:3.4 I’d say to them,

mn3:3.5 ‘Mendicants, I have eaten and refused more food, being replete, and having had as much as I need.

mn3:3.6 And there is this extra almsfood that’s going to be thrown away.

mn3:3.7 Eat it if you like. Otherwise I’ll throw it out where there is little that grows, or drop it into water that has no living creatures.’

mn3:3.8 Then one of those mendicants thought,

mn3:3.9 ‘The Buddha has eaten and refused more food.

mn3:3.10 And he has some extra almsfood that’s going to be thrown away.

mn3:3.11 If we don’t eat it he’ll throw it away.

mn3:3.12 But the Buddha has also said:

mn3:3.13 “Be my heirs in the teaching, not in things of the flesh.”

mn3:3.14 And almsfood is one of the things of the flesh.

mn3:3.15 Instead of eating this almsfood, why don’t I spend this day and night weak with hunger?’

mn3:3.16 And that’s what they did.

mn3:3.17 Then the second of those mendicants thought,

mn3:3.18 ‘The Buddha has eaten and refused more food.

mn3:3.19 And he has some extra almsfood that’s going to be thrown away.

mn3:3.20 If we don’t eat it he’ll throw it away.

mn3:3.21 Why don’t I eat this almsfood, then spend the day and night having dispelled my hunger and weakness?’

mn3:3.22 And that’s what they did.

mn3:3.23 Even though that mendicant, after eating the almsfood, spent the day and night having dispelled hunger and weakness, it is the former mendicant who is more worthy of respect and praise.

mn3:3.24 Why is that?

mn3:3.25 Because for a long time that will conduce to that mendicant being of few wishes, content, self-effacing, unburdensome, and energetic.

mn3:3.26 So, mendicants, be my heirs in the teaching, not in things of the flesh.

mn3:3.27 Out of sympathy for you, I think,

mn3:3.28 ‘How can my disciples become heirs in the teaching, not in things of the flesh?’”