MN 38 · Khotbah Panjang tentang Hancurnya Ketagihan

Tokoh, tempat, dan gagasan utamanya

Bhikkhu Sāti keliru memahami bahwa kesadaran yang sama berpindah dan bertransmigrasi tanpa berubah. Buddha mengoreksinya dalam Mahātaṇhāsaṅkhaya Sutta dengan menjelaskan bahwa kesadaran muncul bergantung pada kondisi, dan tidak kekal.

TOKOH

Buddha

Guru yang mengoreksi pandangan keliru Sāti tentang kesadaran yang berpindah tanpa berubah.

TOKOH

Sāti

Bhikkhu anak nelayan yang keliru memahami bahwa kesadaran yang sama berpindah dari kehidupan ke kehidupan tanpa berubah.

TEMPAT

Jetavana

Wihara di Sāvatthī, tempat Buddha mengoreksi pandangan keliru Sāti.

KONSEP

Kesadaran muncul bergantung kondisi

Kesadaran bukanlah sesuatu yang tetap dan berpindah, melainkan muncul bergantung pada kondisi tertentu — seperti api yang dinamai menurut bahan bakarnya — dan lenyap ketika kondisinya berhenti.

Visual pengantar Tiga Keranjang · bukan bagian dari teks kanonik.

Sinopsis singkat

Bhikkhu Sāti mempertahankan pandangan bahwa kesadaran yang sama mengembara dari satu kehidupan ke kehidupan berikutnya. Para bhikkhu berusaha mengoreksinya, tetapi ia tidak berubah sehingga mereka membawa persoalan itu kepada Buddha. Buddha menegur Sāti dan menjelaskan bahwa kesadaran selalu muncul bergantung pada kondisi—kesadaran mata karena mata dan bentuk, kesadaran telinga karena telinga dan suara, dan demikian seterusnya. Penjelasan kemudian berkembang menjadi uraian tentang nutrisi, sebab-akibat yang saling bergantungan, proses kelahiran manusia, pertumbuhan anak, munculnya kenikmatan indria, dan bagaimana seorang Tathāgata mengajarkan jalan yang akhirnya memutus rangkaian kemelekatan tersebut.

BAGIAN 30

mn38:30.1 When they see a sight with their eyes, if it’s pleasant they desire it, but if it’s unpleasant they dislike it. They live with mindfulness of the body unestablished and their heart stunted.

mn38:30.2 And they don’t truly understand the freedom of heart and freedom by wisdom where those arisen bad, unskillful qualities cease without remainder.

mn38:30.3 Being so full of favoring and opposing, when they experience any kind of feeling—pleasant, unpleasant, or neutral—they approve, welcome, and keep clinging to it.

mn38:30.4 This gives rise to relishing.

mn38:30.5 Relishing feelings is grasping. Their grasping is a requirement for continued existence. Continued existence is a requirement for rebirth. Rebirth is a requirement for old age and death, sorrow, lamentation, pain, sadness, and distress to come to be.

mn38:30.6 That is how this entire mass of suffering originates.

mn38:30.7 When they hear a sound with their ears …

mn38:30.8 When they smell an odor with their nose …

mn38:30.9 When they taste a flavor with their tongue …

mn38:30.10 When they feel a touch with their body …

mn38:30.11 When they know an idea with their mind, if it’s pleasant they desire it, but if it’s unpleasant they dislike it. They live with mindfulness of the body unestablished and their heart stunted.

mn38:30.12 And they don’t truly understand the freedom of heart and freedom by wisdom where those arisen bad, unskillful qualities cease without remainder.

mn38:30.13 Being so full of favoring and opposing, when they experience any kind of feeling—pleasant, unpleasant, or neutral—they approve, welcome, and keep clinging to it.

mn38:30.14 This gives rise to relishing.

mn38:30.15 Relishing feelings is grasping. Their grasping is a requirement for continued existence. Continued existence is a requirement for rebirth. Rebirth is a requirement for old age and death, sorrow, lamentation, pain, sadness, and distress to come to be.

mn38:30.16 That is how this entire mass of suffering originates.