MN 12 · Khotbah Panjang tentang Raungan Singa

Tokoh, tempat, dan gagasan utamanya

Mahāsīhanāda Sutta muncul setelah Sunakkhatta meninggalkan Sangha dan meremehkan pencapaian spiritual Buddha di Vesālī — Buddha menjawabnya dengan menjelaskan sepuluh kekuatan seorang Tathāgata.

TOKOH

Buddha

Guru yang menjelaskan sepuluh kekuatan pengetahuan dan kualitas luar biasa seorang Tathāgata.

TOKOH

Sunakkhatta

Mantan pengikut suku Licchavi yang meninggalkan ajaran Buddha dan merendahkan pencapaian spiritualnya di hadapan umum di Vesālī.

TEMPAT

Vesālī

Kota tempat Sunakkhatta menyebarkan pandangannya yang meremehkan Buddha, mendorong penjelasan tentang kekuatan seorang Tathāgata.

KONSEP

Sepuluh kekuatan Tathāgata

Buddha menjelaskan sepuluh kekuatan pengetahuan serta empat jenis keyakinan diri yang menjadikannya berhak mengaumkan auman singa di tengah himpunan.

Visual pengantar Tiga Keranjang · bukan bagian dari teks kanonik.

Sinopsis singkat

Sāriputta meminta Buddha menjelaskan kualitas luar biasa yang membuat seorang Tathāgata dapat menyatakan kedudukannya tanpa gentar di tengah berbagai kelompok manusia. Buddha kemudian menguraikan sepuluh kekuatan Tathāgata, empat jenis keberanian, pengetahuan tentang kecenderungan makhluk, jalan kehidupan, keadaan meditasi, kelahiran kembali dan pembebasan. Uraian berkembang menjadi gambaran luas tentang perjalanan makhluk melalui berbagai alam dan tentang jalan yang membawa keluar darinya. Buddha juga mengenang kerasnya praktik pertapaan yang pernah ia jalani, menunjukkan bahwa pengalaman ekstrem itu sendiri bukanlah jalan menuju pencerahan.

BAGIAN 45

mn12:45.1 And this is what my fervent mortification was like. I went naked, ignoring conventions. I licked my hands, and didn’t come or stop when asked. I didn’t consent to food brought to me, or food prepared specially for me, or an invitation for a meal.

mn12:45.2 I didn’t receive anything from a pot or bowl; or from someone who keeps sheep, or who has a weapon or a shovel in their home; or where a couple is eating; or where there is a woman who is pregnant, breastfeeding, or who lives with a man; or where food for distribution is advertised; or where there’s a hound waiting or flies buzzing. I accepted no fish or meat or beer or wine, and drank no fermented gruel.

mn12:45.3 I went to just one house for alms, taking just one mouthful, or two houses and two mouthfuls, up to seven houses and seven mouthfuls.

mn12:45.4 I fed on one saucer a day, two saucers a day, up to seven saucers a day.

mn12:45.5 I ate once a day, once every second day, up to once a week, and so on, even up to once a fortnight. I lived committed to the practice of eating food at set intervals.

mn12:45.6 I ate herbs, millet, wild rice, poor rice, water lettuce, rice bran, scum from boiling rice, sesame flour, grass, or cow dung. I survived on forest roots and fruits, or eating fallen fruit.

mn12:45.7 I wore robes of sunn hemp, mixed hemp, corpse-wrapping cloth, rags, lodh tree bark, antelope hide (whole or in strips), kusa grass, bark, wood-chips, human hair, horse-tail hair, or owls’ wings.

mn12:45.8 I tore out hair and beard, committed to this practice.

mn12:45.9 I constantly stood, turning down seats.

mn12:45.10 I squatted, committed to the endeavor of squatting.

mn12:45.11 I lay on a mat of thorns, making a mat of thorns my bed.

mn12:45.12 I was devoted to ritual bathing three times a day, including at dusk.

mn12:45.13 And so I lived committed to practicing these various ways of mortifying and tormenting the body.

mn12:45.14 Such was my practice of fervent mortification.