MN 100 · Khotbah kepada Saṅgārava

Tokoh, tempat, dan gagasan utamanya

Brahmana Saṅgārava bertanya apakah para petapa mengaku mencapai pengetahuan karena tradisi, keyakinan, atau pengalaman langsung. Buddha menjelaskan tiga jenis guru dan menceritakan pencarian-Nya hingga menemukan pencerahan. Inilah Saṅgārava Sutta.

TOKOH

Buddha

Guru yang menjelaskan dasar pengetahuan-Nya melalui pengalaman langsung.

TOKOH

Saṅgārava

Brahmana muda yang menguji sumber klaim pengetahuan para petapa.

TOKOH

Dhānañjānī

Perempuan brahmana berbakti yang mendorong Saṅgārava menemui Buddha.

TEMPAT

Caṇḍalakappa

Desa tempat Buddha dan Saṅgārava berdialog.

GAGASAN

Pengetahuan yang dialami sendiri

Ajaran Buddha tidak hanya diwarisi atau dipercayai; ia berakar pada pencarian, latihan, dan realisasi langsung.

Visual pengantar Tiga Keranjang · bukan bagian dari teks kanonik.

Sinopsis singkat

Brahmana Saṅgārava bertanya kepada Buddha tentang para petapa yang mengaku mencapai pengetahuan tinggi: apakah Buddha termasuk mereka yang hanya mengikuti tradisi, mereka yang memperoleh pengetahuan melalui keyakinan, atau mereka yang mengetahui sendiri. Buddha menjawab dengan menceritakan pencarian pribadinya. Ia meninggalkan kehidupan rumah tangga, belajar kepada Āḷāra Kālāma dan Uddaka Rāmaputta, lalu menjalani praktik keras yang tidak membawa tujuan. Setelah meninggalkan ekstrem tersebut, ia menemukan jalan meditasi yang menghasilkan tiga pengetahuan dan pencerahan. Dengan demikian klaim Buddha tidak didasarkan pada kitab turun-temurun atau kepercayaan kepada orang lain, tetapi pada pengalaman langsung.

BAGIAN 12

mn100:12.1 So I approached Uddaka son of Rāma and said to him,

mn100:12.2 ‘Reverend, had Rāma realized this teaching with his own insight up to this point, and declared having achieved it?’

mn100:12.3 ‘He had, reverend.’

mn100:12.4 ‘I too have realized this teaching with my own insight up to this point, and live having achieved it.’

mn100:12.5 ‘We are fortunate, reverend, so very fortunate

mn100:12.6 to see a venerable such as yourself as one of our spiritual companions!

mn100:12.7 So the teaching that Rāma had realized with his own insight, and declared having achieved it, you’ve realized with your own insight, and dwell having achieved it.

mn100:12.8 The teaching that you’ve realized with your own insight, and dwell having achieved it, Rāma had realized with his own insight, and declared having achieved it.

mn100:12.9 So the teaching that Rāma directly knew, you know, and the teaching you know, Rāma directly knew.

mn100:12.10 Rāma was like you and you are like Rāma.

mn100:12.11 Come now, reverend! You should lead this community.’

mn100:12.12 And that is how my spiritual companion Uddaka son of Rāma placed me in the position of a tutor and honored me with high praise.

mn100:12.13 Then it occurred to me,

mn100:12.14 ‘This teaching doesn’t lead to disillusionment, dispassion, cessation, peace, insight, awakening, and extinguishment. It only leads as far as rebirth in the dimension of neither perception nor non-perception.’

mn100:12.15 Realizing that this teaching was inadequate, I left disappointed.