ps1.1:188.1 Tattha katamo upāyāso?
BAGIAN 188
ps1.1:188.2 Ñātibyasanena vā phuṭṭhassa, bhogabyasanena vā phuṭṭhassa, rogabyasanena vā phuṭṭhassa, sīlabyasanena vā phuṭṭhassa, diṭṭhibyasanena vā phuṭṭhassa, aññataraññatarena byasanena samannāgatassa, aññataraññatarena dukkhadhammena phuṭṭhassa āyāso upāyāso āyāsanā upāyāsanā āyāsitattaṁ upāyāsitattaṁ—
ps1.1:188.3 ayaṁ vuccati upāyāso.